Everything about Proto-indo-iranian Language totally explained
Proto-Indo-Iranian, is the
reconstructed proto-language of the
Indo-Iranian branch of
Indo-European. Its speakers, the hypothetical
Proto-Indo-Iranians, are assumed to have lived in the late
3rd millennium BC, and are usually connected with the early
Andronovo archaeological horizon.
Proto-Indo-Iranian was a
Satem language, likely removed less than a millennium from the late
Proto-Indo-European language, and in turn removed less than a millennium from the
Vedic Sanskrit of the
Rigveda. It is the ancestor of the
Indo-Aryan languages, the
Iranian languages, the
Dardic languages and the
Nuristani languages. The main phonological change separating Proto-Indo-Iranian from Proto-Indo-European is the collapse of the
ablauting vowels
*e, *o, *a into a single vowel, Proto-Indo-Iranian
*a (but see
Brugmann's law).
Grassmann's law,
Bartholomae's law, and the
Ruki sound law were also complete in Proto-Indo-Iranian.
Among the sound changes from Proto-Indo-Iranian to
Indo-Aryan is the loss of the voiced sibilant
*z, among those to
Iranian is the de-aspiration of the PIE voiced aspirates.
| Proto-Indo-Iranian |
Old Iranian (OP, Av) |
Vedic Sanskrit | *açva ("horse") |
Av, OP aspa |
aśva |
*bhag- |
OP baj- (bāji; "tribute") |
bhag- (bhaga) |
*bhrātr- ("brother") |
OP brātar |
bhrātṛ |
*bhūmī ("earth", "land") |
OP būmi |
bhūmī |
*martya ("mortal, "man") |
OP martya |
martya |
*māsa ("moon") |
OP māha |
māsa |
*vāsara ("early") |
OP vāhara ("spring") |
vāsara ("morning") |
*arta ("truth") |
Av aša, OP arta |
ṛta |
*draugh- ("falsehood") |
Av druj, OP draug- |
druh- |
*sauma "pressed (juice)" |
Av haoma |
soma
|
Schleicher's fable
Carlos Quiles Casas of the
Dnghu Group gives a Proto-Indo-Iranian version of
Schleicher's fable (External Link
) » Further Information
Get more info on 'Proto-indo-iranian Language'.
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